Guides, tutorials, and insights on L2 gas fees
Gas limit is how many units of work your transaction can do; gas price is what you pay per unit. Editing the wrong field is how transactions fail or overpay. EIP-1559 max fees, refunds, and real gas-unit numbers for transfers, approvals, and swaps on Base and Arbitrum.
Read moreClassic frontrun sandwiches need a public mempool, and Base and Arbitrum do not have one — a centralized sequencer orders transactions first-come-first-served. But backrunning, JIT liquidity, low-liquidity pool manipulation, and self-inflicted slippage still cost people money. What is real and how to trade safely.
Read moreWETH is just ETH wrapped in an ERC-20 envelope so DeFi contracts can treat every token the same way. What wrapping actually does, what it costs on Base and Arbitrum, the approval trap that follows, and how to verify the real WETH contract before swapping.
Read moreArbiscan is the ground truth for every Arbitrum transaction. Here are the eight tabs and views I actually use — reading failed transactions, token approvals, internal transfers, and verifying contracts before touching them.
Read moreTurning crypto on Base or Arbitrum into money in your bank: the direct exchange withdrawal route, when you still need Ethereum mainnet, what each step costs, how long it takes, and the test-transfer habit that prevents losses.
Read moreUnichain and Base are both OP Stack Superchain chains with sub-cent fees — but Unichain is built for trading speed and Base has the broader app ecosystem. Real numbers on gas, bridging, and where your money actually has something to do.
Read moreSlippage is why your swap fails with "price moved" or fills worse than the quote. What it actually is, how it differs from price impact, the settings that work for stablecoins vs volatile tokens on L2, and when raising it gets you exploited.
Read moreIf your wallet was just drained, the first 60 minutes matter most. The exact steps I took — stopping the bleed, revoking approvals from a clean device, tracing the attacker, securing a fresh wallet, and what to report and when.
Read moreBridged USDC.e is a legacy IOU that does not always work where native USDC does. CCTP burns and mints real USDC between Base and Arbitrum in minutes. Here is how I use it, what it costs, and the limits to know.
Read moreHardware wallets work on every EVM chain — including Base and Arbitrum. Here is how I split funds between Ledger and a hot wallet, what gas costs look like, and why blind signing is the trade-off nobody warns you about.
Read moreBridging, swapping, gas paid in ETH, airdrops, and stablecoin moves — what is actually taxable on Base and Arbitrum, what is just a transfer, and the record-keeping system that survived my accountant review.
Read moreOld token approvals are the most common way hot wallets get drained on Base and Arbitrum. Here is my exact quarterly routine to find and revoke risky allowances — and what each revoke actually costs in gas.
Read moreChoose a trusted platform to swap, bridge, and trade on L2 networks.
Affiliate links — we may earn a commission at no extra cost to you.